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Exploring the Intricate Web of Microbial Interactions: From Symbiosis to Competition

Xiaohui Chen

Microbes, or microorganisms, are everywhere, from the soil beneath our feet to the air we breathe. Despite their small size, they play a critical role in the environment, impacting everything from the health of plants and animals to the cycling of nutrients and the breakdown of organic matter. The majority of ecosystems are home to a variety of diverse microorganisms that interact with one another and create intricate networks of interaction. Moreover, some of these microbes might invade the outside or inside of plants or animals, adding another level of interaction complexity. These microbial relationships range from straightforward short-term interactions to complex long-term ones. They also range from intraspecific to interspecific interactions.