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Correlation between water drinking test and modified phasing among medically treated primary open angle glaucoma patients in Enugu, Nigeria

Gloria C. Eze, Nkiru Kizor-Akaraiwe, Ifeoma R. Ezegwui

Aim: To determine the correlation between the mean intraocular pressure peaks and fluctuations in water drinking test and modified phasing among primary open angle glaucoma patients on medical treatment at the eye clinic of Enugu State University of Science and Technology Teaching Hospital Parklane (ESUTTHP), Enugu. Study design: This was a cross sectional study done at the eye clinic of Enugu State University of Science and Technology Teaching Hospital Parklane, Enugu, Nigeria between August and October 2017. Methodology: One hundred and thirty primary open angle glaucoma patients (56 males, 74 females; age range 42-83 years) on medical treatment were selected by simple random sampling. Modified phasing was performed on them over 8 hours (from 8:00am to 4:00pm) with intraocular pressure measured at 2 hourly intervals. Water drinking test was done on another day over 2 hours (between 8:00am and 11:00am) after intake of 1 liter of water with intraocular pressure measured every 15 minutes. Data analysis was done using statistical package for social sciences version 20 for windows (USA). Pearson’s correlation was used to find the correlation between mean intraocular pressure peaks and fluctuations in water drinking test and modified phasing. Results: The mean intraocular pressure peaks during water drinking test and modified phasing were 22.9 ± 5.7 and 18.0 ± 4.4 mmHg, respectively. The mean intraocular pressure fluctuations during water drinking test and modified phasing were 7.9 ± 3.9 and 5.6 ± 2.4 mmHg, respectively. There was significant correlation between the mean peak intraocular pressure during water drinking test and modified phasing (r=0.589, p ≤ 0.05) as well as between the intraocular pressure fluctuation during water drinking test and modified phasing (r=0.186, p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: Water drinking test could be done as a quick clinic procedure for black primary open angle glaucoma patients on medical treatment to detect their intraocular pressure peaks and fluctuations so as to manage appropriately. Keywords: Primary open angle glaucoma, Intraocular pressure, Water drinking test, Modified phasing. Abbreviations: POAG: Primary Open Angle Glaucoma, WDT: Water Drinking Test, IOP: Intraocular Pressure, ESUTTHP: Enugu State University of Science and Technology Teaching Hospital Parklane