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Correlation between cerebral damage due to hypoglycemia in new-born and spasms in infancy

Tianming Jia, Ling Gan, Xiaoli Zhang, Kaixian Du, Yan Dong, Shuai Liu, Li Shen, Miaomiao Liu

This study aimed to investigate the clinical features, imaging findings, electrocardiogram characteristics, treatment and prognosis of infantile spasms children with hypoglycemic cerebral damage in neonatal period, and the correlation between hypoglycemic cerebral damage and infantile spasms. One hundred and six children with infantile spasms including 21 cases with history of hypoglycemic cerebral damage in neonatal period were enrolled in this study. One hundred and six children patients without infantile spasms were selected as control. The general information and electrocardiogram and imaging data of 21 cases with history of hypoglycemic cerebral damage were collected. The single variable logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the risk factors of infantile spasms in 212 children. In 21 infantile spasms children with history of hypoglycemic cerebral damage, the age of hypoglycemia onset was 1-8 days (3.26 ± 1.73 days). The blood glucose level was 0.2-2.1 mM/L (1.20 ± 0.54 mM/L). The duration of hypoglycemia was 2 h-5 d. The age of infantile spasms onset was 0.5-30 months (7.21 ± 6.68 months). Sixteen children (76.19%) had obvious imaging performance of occipital softening or glial scar. The control rate was 4.76% after 6 months of treatment using steroid hormone combined with antiepileptic drugs. The single variable logistic regression analysis showed that the neonatal hypoglycemia was a risk factor of infantile spasms in 212 children. The imaging of hypoglycemic cerebral damage is mainly manifested with occipital softening or glial scar. The occipital lobe injury induced by neonatal hypoglycemia can easily cause the infantile spasms. The neonatal hypoglycemia is a risk factor of infantile spasms.